Top 7 Most Venomous Animals

lurking in places we wouldn't expect are creatures with enough venom to take out a small army on this episode we count down the top seven most venomous animals

number seven inland Taipan
this unique 6.5 foot or 2 meter long australian snake also known as the fierce snake western Taipan or small scaled snake has a bite that if goes untreated will kill a human in 30 to 45 minutes the inland Taipan is often reported as the most poisonous snake in the world it's bite contains 50 times more venomous toxins snake than a king cobra with enough venom to kill 250,000 mice 1,200 guinea pigs or a hundred humans many sources claim the inland Taipan as the most venomous snake but there are a few factors that need to be considered inland Taipan while possessing a highly potent venom cannot inject nearly as much of it as their fangs are shorter than other snakes allowing less venom to be released generally a shy reclusive species that doesn't typically bite when it does attack it happens at lightning speed biting multiple times in critical places it almost always in Venom's with every bite their bite is so fast that in a single attack they will strike up to eight times in the blink of an eye the Taipans venom is injected so quickly that it renders the victim unable to fight back these multiple bites per attack put into question if this is the most venomous snake out there as there is a release of venom eight times while not as much per bite another factor to throw in is that the inland Taipans venom is fast spreading throughout the body making it react quicker there has been no recorded human deaths from the inland Taipan but don't let that make you think you can approach one just in November 2017 the young Australian guy acquired an inland Taipan as a pet but was bitten soon afterwards he was rushed to the hospital in serious condition although they mostly feed on rodents if they feel threatened they'll form a distinct pose being in S shape with their head pointed towards the target which indicates they're ready to strike

number 6 stone fish
stone fish are a flat wide fish that looks like a big chunk of coral or ocean raw which have 5 different species that exist in coastal regions around the Indo Pacific Oceans they have incredibly venomous toxins and their spines but are only released when pressures applied to them such as an attacker biting them or a human stepping on them 13 dorsal fin spikes that each contain two venom glands will release venom if disturbed this happened to an unlucky guy vacationing in the Philippines when he stepped on one which proved to be fatal it only takes an hour to kill a human so beware once empty these spines require a few weeks to replenish the venom which is generated from a mixture of proteins this defense of venom while effective against marine life doesn't protect the stonefish from humans increasing demand to eat this fish a cozy sashimi is a common dish made from this fish which only a licensed Japanese executive chef is allowed to prepare in the Philippines humans aren't the only one that eat the stone fish larger sharks and rays have been known to chow down on these venomous creatures stone fish don't use their venom to catch their prey instead they lay still camouflaging like a rock  then swim incredibly fast capturing their prey with their speed the time it takes them to swallow their prey has been clocked in at 0.01 5 seconds I'd say that's a tad bit faster than having quick reflexes stone fish have the unusual trait of being able to live out of water for up to 24 hours despite this unique survival ability their offspring aren't as lucky with survival stone fish can produce up to a million eggs but only a small number of them will make it to adulthood the name stone fish comes from their masterful camouflage looking like a piece of rock or coral they can vary in size depending on the subspecies with some measuring up to 20 inches or half a meter long and weighing 5 pounds or 2.2 kilograms

number 5 cone snail within the group of cone snail are some heavy hitters when it comes to deadly venom the most commonly known as the marbled cone snail which resides in waters around Southeast Asia that are referred to as the underwater tank sporting a hard spiral shell and a cannon or long siphon which is used to pick up the scent of prey although it does have eyes its siphon is primarily used in hunting once prey is found the snail pushes out a long harpoon which is aimed at the argot then with a simple muscle contraction is launched and punctures its prey usually fish the fish become paralyzed in seconds and is swallowed by the cone snail this attack lasts just milliseconds it's one of the fast is possessed by any creature on the planet a single drop of venom from this snail has the power to bring the demise of 20 adult humans currently there's no anti-venom so watch your step like the stone fish the only ever used their venom on a human if disturbed the marbled cone snail feeds on marine worms mollusks small fish and other cone snails who live in warm tropical waters up to 300 feet or 90 metres deep cone snails in general measure in size from as small as a human thumbnail all the way up to a large human hand but they're being more than 600 different species they all have similar but different attack strategies to inject their venom the geographic cone snail is actually the most deadly snake residing in shallow waters around coral reefs measuring up to about half a foot in length the body in size is only about 1/3 that size their method of attack is the Rattler tooth which is the same as the marbled cone snail this weapon is like a mix of a hypodermic needle and a harpoon it hooks and injects all in one motion unique to the geographic cone snail is their ability to knock out an entire school of fish by releasing a potent dose of insulin into the water this insulin leaves the fish zonked out or more technically putting them into hypoglycemic shock which makes them easy pickings for the geographic cone snail numerous people have fallen to this cone snail usually it's curious scuba divers who picked them up some people survive if they can make it to the hospital quickly there's no anti-venom so it's a matter of medical treatments and life support equipment can keep the person alive long enough until the venom passes through the system

number four blue ringed octopus
this aquatic creature is the only known lethal octopus there are approximately five to ten different species sporting eight arms dual rows of suction cups a large head and eyes they feed on shrimp crabs and small injured fish but believe it or not the blue ringed octopus is tiny measuring only half the size of your finger they live in waters between Australia and Japan and get their name from the blue rings that show up on their body when they feel threatened if provoked they'll inject you with a toxin that can kill a human in minutes this toxin called tetrodotoxin is a self defense muscular neurotoxin that is produced by bacteria that live in their saliva glands as secondary toxin is also available that's harmless to humans is used by the blue ringed octopus to hunt crabs this octopus carries enough venom to kill 26 full-grown human beings and there's no anti-venom so be careful around them this species is highly sought after as a subject of underwater photography but it's incredibly rare to find them they have interesting reproductive habits immediately after mating the male will die the female will lay between 50 and 100 eggs which he will guard with her life she'll spend up to two months defending her babies without eating  until she dies of starvation these parents will never get to see their kids grow up

number three king cobra
the king cobra is the world's longest venom producing snake it can grow up to 19 feet or six point eight meters long the king cobra is technically closer to mambas than cobras their heads are larger relative to their body with narrower hoods in comparison to true Cobras the king cobra is also known as the snake eater it has much more power than most venomous snakes allowing them to dominate and eat them they can be found eating birds lizards rodents and fish as well the king cobra doesn't possess as much venom as other snakes like the inland Taipan but can actually release more venom in a single bite allowing it to kill large mammals in the short period of time a human if bitten by the king cobra will die in 15 to 30 minutes where large mammals like elephants will die within 3 hours if bitten in a vulnerable place like the trunk anti-venom is available but needs to be administered immediately to survive this attack the king cobras byte blocks communication between nerve cells causing blurred vision dizziness and paralysis if feeling threatened the king cobra will lift itself up to human high level flare their hood wide and start to growl this is no normal snake hiss it has been compared to the growl of a disgruntled German Shepherd male king cobras will fight over female mates by wrestling each other they lift themselves off the ground interlocking bodies and try to pin each other down they don't bite each other as they're immune to their own venom after a mate is secured the female will spend four days building and nest for her twenty to thirty eggs she lays hang Cobras are the only species of snakes that will build the nest the mother will defend her babies day and night not eating the entire time just before the babies hatch she'll take off leaving the children to be on their own nature's weird

number two vultures sea snake
first discovered by Sir Edward Belcher the Belcher sea snake or fate banded sea snake the most venomous snake in the world it resides in waters that's right I said waters around Southeast Asia and northern Australia this oxygen-dependent snake surfaces regularly to grab a breath before heading back down under the sea while under water valves above the nostrils remain shut this is even the case when they sleep the Belcher's can sleep underwater for eight hours straight though going back up for air these creepy snakes move around the ocean by paddling themselves with their tail while a timid snake just a few micrograms of its venom is enough to kill over a thousand humans the good news is these snakes are not particularly aggressive and shy away from humans unless it's mating season if you're bitten the bite won't hurt all that much but you'll start to feel your feet and legs going numb as it continues upwards eventually your stomach and lungs will go numb and you'll suffocate to death is being said that the Belcher's only releases its venom one out of every four bites but if it does you'll meet your demise as soon as 30 minutes after you've been bitten most cases of people being bit by the Belcher's or from fishermen who accidentally caught the snakes in their Nets

number one box jellyfish
the box Jellyfish is the most venomous animal in the world the toxins it releases attacks the heart and nervous system the poison is so painful that people stung at sea often go into shock and drown before reaching the shore. The box jellyfish gets its name from its box like shaped Bell each corner of the jellyfish contains 15 tentacles of which each have over 500,000 Cinda sites which are essentially the stinging organ each Cinda sides contain my cysts which are a microscopic harpoon shaped mechanism that injects the venom into its victim the pain from the venom is so horrific that it can last for weeks if you survive the initial sting often people stung have massive scars with the tentacles make contact box jellyfish have been responsible for over 5,000 deaths in the past 50 years you see one of those warning signs that says warning box jellyfish don't go in the water probably best to heed that warning now stinger suits are available but still you've got to be nuts to seek out these creatures in the water there are 29 different species with the big box jellyfish being the most well known and most deadly turtles are the only natural predator of the box jellyfish as their thick skin and shell provides the necessary protection against their sting only their eyes are vulnerable to being stung if the box jellyfish wasn't weird enough they have six sets of four eyes on the sides of their bodies that face inwards which allows them to use their own body as a lens the big box jellyfish are faster swimmers than any human even Michael Phelps they use their speed to catch prey eating 2 to 3 times a day if a catch isn't made they'll start to shrink in size stinger season when the Australian waters are warmer brings forth the big box jellyfish historically this period lasted from November until May but due to climate change this season is now lasting until July as a temperature continues to rise these jellyfish will be hanging out longer where humans typically enjoy the ocean we humans have a symbiotic relationship with nature and have to do our part to keep it balanced otherwise big box jellyfish are gonna take over which one of these creatures.

Snake Safari in Uganda

Uganda Winston Churchill called it a pearl of Africa more than a hundred years ago since then more and more visitors travel to this former British colony in the eastern part of the continent the area of Uganda is approximately three times bigger than the area of the Czech Republic and most of the iconic African animals live here apart from the beautiful nature tourists admire the rich tribal culture and enjoy the friendly atmosphere we also want to see the big animals in the national parks but the main target of this expedition will be something else the venomous snakes Uganda is home to some fascinating species which are disappearing quickly from nature will we find them are there any populations left in Uganda or is the situation as bad as in other parts of Africa we start to explore the nature and culture of Uganda slowly and our first destinations are in the national parks it will be a pity not to see some big African mammals but as we soon find out just traveling in Africa can be a thrilling adventure the Queen Elizabeth National Park is home to big cats and also huge herbivores the young line has a radio collar on its neck so the scientists can track its movement this place is famous for its big herds of elephants which can be seen from a close distance on the kasanga Channel

the hippos are also very abundant here after seeing their big mouths it is not difficult to understand that they are the most dangerous animals in Africa they are often fighting even with the other individuals off their kind and the multiple scars on their bodies are proof of that we keep a safe distance from these giants the same as wise when you meet a herd of elephants we let them cross the road and then continue the banded mongooses are not so dangerous and we can observe them from a close distance scientists from the Exeter University in the United Kingdom study their social behavior in Queen Elizabeth National Park we join them and track these charismatic carnivores some animal species like zebras impalas or islands can be found only in a few locations in Uganda we saw these three herbivores in Lake Laboral National Park a very unique place in Uganda is the Ziva rhino sanctuary in 2005 southern white rhinoceros were introduced here northern white rhinoceros went extinct in this country in the 80s of the 20th century these mammals are reproducing well in Z walk so their population is growing it is a unique experience to track the Rhinos and stand so close to them Chabal a national park is home to 13 primate species it is the highest number in any protected area in Africa most people visit this place because of chimpanzees there are several habituated groups in the park spending some time with our closest relatives and observing families with babies is an unforgettable experience it is truly important to save the last remaining pieces of wilderness so the animals like chimpanzees will still have enough space for their survival the most exciting mammal

tracking is the one in the southwest of Uganda because mountain gorillas live in the high altitudes in this part of the country the population of these apes in Burundi National Park is stable thanks to the effect of protection but as a species they are very endangered with only about a thousand individuals in the world altogether more and more people want to see these gentle giants and they are willing to pay several hundreds of dollars to spend one hour with gorillas this money is used for anti poaching activities forest protection and the support of local communities there are strict rules during the gorilla tracking the visitors can't try to get close to the Apes but curious baby sometimes approach and touch the strange creatures in their territory the montane forests are not only a habitat for gorillas many smaller animals share this area with them we just need to observe the surroundings carefully the johnstons chameleon is impressive it has a sexual dimorphism so the females don't have any significant features on their body but the male's carry three big horns on their heads they use them during male combat over territory we are happy with the first reptile finding and now we want to continue for the search of venomous snakes for that we need to head back to the lowlands searching for snakes is a very different activity than the safari in the national parks we travel to the Ugandan countryside to meet people who are interested in snakes we don't know about any researchers or conservationists soon we arrived to the farm of a snake exporter we are interested in his job legislation connected with the export of wild animals and his opinion about the remaining


populations of snakes in the wild you can i still virgin and vast with animals why because of the laws because of the laws and because because the government is using regulatory powers you see companies like this one will find they are very few we are only like three four companies that are at chi but when you go to Tanzania you find that four hundred companies yeah a hundred companies doing export of wild animals so this one becomes a little bit tricky so the survival world life and many people practicing they announced you know they're not experienced and they're known educated because even if you know you have the experience and you're not educated you can you can read because the main main main language of communication will be English even if you're proud of speaking Czech language Japanese everywhere you go to access knowledge you have to use the medium of communication as English yeah so this is this is also the illiteracy will also cause you know extinction of animals because people are not aware of what exists yes so the government does not come teach these people how to prevent snake bites how to handle them what part so instead of the company partnering with video companies like us to teach the masses it is one of the ways that we you know bring backward life to ship because people when people land this animal is of importance don't kill several people bring this animal to gaboon Vipers and rhinoceros they are rare because of the too much demand on the pet market so the growing desire of these animals you know generally in the world because Asia people in Asia are just starting to have pet life usually toes too much in Europe Germany you know even check human in change people are just growing that hat of having


it's even though so it's just grain so the too much demand is will cause the watch the extinction that's why governments are adopting the issue of breeding in captivity so if you don't breed in captivity turn on export so if you breed fuel export so this is it and even these animals are a little bit easier to breathe because they are mating and what you have to you know you have to know they are psycho when do they met when do they give but what do they need yeah because when you look at them in the world the same environment that you find them in is what you depict and then you not T to bring it you come off a logic on the phone that's how you can keep them but if you don't and you're going to keep them that's why many people buying in Europe because they die they don't adopt the same environment in Africa they think people in what we do in Africa is stupid but these animals we know much more better how they live here than they do because of the sunshine and the changes of their environment you will discover that this and these plants are drying a little bit so they are shedding and it's per season of shedding but I'll have again those plants that I keep in which are always which are circulant because they keep water and some of them will drink the small ones will drink on leaves so some of these ones here I have the ones that I bred exported some and I remained it Sam so I get this cage down it's open so I put them in you get so I put the soil halfway I plant in these trees so the trees of your eye and then will shelter outside so the animal feels its home it's in the bush yes so and even it's cooler and the way they leave even when you look at the leaves that they come off a lodge with the leaves we pick them from other trees that's when they dry they look the same as it and that's why we you know we have them like when somebody will want to buy these gaboon Vipers they will go for a long journey most probably they land somewhere in Europe or in the USA in the hands of private keepers the price of these snakes is about 500 euros for adults our goal is to find the rare


venomous snakes in their natural habitat we travel to the remote area in the countryside where tourists normally don't come a local snake hunter welcomes us to his village he sometimes works for the snake seller whose farm we visited the people in the village are excited by our visit and they are very friendly almost everybody comes to see us and especially children are excited by our cameras and other equipment while the young ones are playing the cat has a similar effect as an vitami and it is very common in the Northeast and parts of Africa we start to be part of some habits in the village and we play football with the children it seems that bringing a new ball was a very good idea it is clear from the excited and smiling faces of every boy and girl around during halftime we have fun playing cards it is not a problem to communicate even with the fact that some children know only a few words in English we gain the trust of the locals and they give us a small baby for a while they believe that it will bring her luck Uganda belongs to the more developed countries in Africa but there is still a high mortality of children the parents didn't give a name to the baby so far but we'll do that later if she survives small helmeted chameleons are moving in the bushes near the houses we use this opportunity to educate children about these lizards we show them that they are not dangerous many people in Africa have a panic fear from chameleons they believe that they are poisonous or possess bad magical power most of our time we spend with the hunter in the forests and we search for snakes the first two days are frustrating because we cannot find any snake even after walking for several kilometers but the card is turning now our first snake is an amazing one so tell me right so go Wow give me food oh wow Wow the rhinoceros Viper is the rarest target species of our trip it lives only in the primary forests where it is camouflaged in the leaf litter the snake is deadly venomous and capable of a fast strike we film and photograph a beautifully colored adult individual the most striking feature of this snake is the presence of horns on its nose so far it is not known what purpose this species has them the hunter shows us how he usually catches snakes any mistake could be fatal in this situation we are doing well now and we soon find a green bush Viper this species and other Vipers from the genus Atlas have interesting scales which give them a look of small dragons Bush Vipers are favorite snakes of many keepers and they are often exported from Africa the green bush Viper is doing well in captivity and breeding is not very rare we are happy that both Vipers which we found will stay in the forest the next day in the morning the hunter finds another snake the forest Cobra many people from the village go to the stream to take water so we have spectators when working with this snake there are about 20 species of Cobras in Africa and the forest Cobra is the longest one the adults can be about three metres long it is known for its nervous attitude and this youngster is not different filming and photographing of Cobras is always interesting because of their attractive defense behavior in the standing position with the neck rib spread to form a typical hood Cobra reacts mostly to movement and definitely not to sound because it is death when it feels it is safe it doesn't have the hood and can resemble a non-venomous color breed snake unfortunately this can lead to a misidentification by villagers and deadly bites we are coming to the forest everyday we found another beautiful green bush Viper it is interesting that not much is known about the venom of these snakes the anti-venom has not yet been manufactured it is different with the rhinoceros Vipers we found a big female with a weight of about 3 kilograms such a big snake has enough venom to kill an adult human but it is avoiding any contact with people the venom is used for subduing its prey and it is used for defense only when there is no other option left the keepers admire venomous snakes because they are beautiful and colorful but also because they are dangerous the rhinoceros viper has all of that and it is one of the most favourite species in the venomous snake pet market the only animal which is more wanted is the hybrid between the gaboon viper and the rhinoceros viper we cannot believe that we see the hybrid from nature here keepers would pay thousands of dollars for this snake every hybrid has a different combination of features from both parental species these hybrids are called gabino's the hybridization in captivity can be quite successful but to see a Gabino

 in the wilderness is very rare we know how lucky we are the hunter has been going to the forest since he was very young and he has seen a Toby no only for the second time both Gabino and a big female rhinoceros Viper will be given to the snake seller female is suitable for breeding and the Gabino will be sold to Europe or the USA this is how it works and the buyer will probably be found quickly we would like to release the snakes back to the forest but we understand that the people from Uganda want to earn money for a living we arrived to another location which is drier and it is a working area of another hunter during wandering around villages we see some interesting things other than snakes it's obvious the people from Uganda are skillful and find many ways outter earn some money plantations are a good habitat for the puff adder it is probably the most dangerous snake in Africa if it is provoked it strikes with incredible speed moreover the snake is adaptable and lives in the vicinity of people in the agricultural land puff adder is not so wanted on the pet market as gaboon or Renault Soros Viper the color of the snake is not so prominent its behavior is unpredictable and it's common it is time to know more about the life of the hunters and see what kind of relationship they have with snakes we want to know why they do this job and if they know the risks my special rock I'm crop of animals blast snakes another go I'm a farmer these seven years since I started it is a good job and in small money which will help him in life I go in the forest I collect when Emma called me that we need this and this instead of going and look for them as I as I answer him that it's already happy to come and pick it and stick it the zoo pole there somebody who needs it to expert it so just be easy if if she want to go in the forest and look how they live and how because I have no book says now I have to get some money so that I construct those boxes so that if I get sometimes like in season like beginning of January like biscuit bones and transports they'll be similar ones they'll be pregnant so that will correct them we keep them they were in match will be producing babies so these are the people who need only babies so that we sell to them then these are duck then take it back to the world then sometimes then we take it the world maybe another time we can't find them when it is a ready again signature the government er they are emphasizing people to print because some of people didn't don't know how to manage keeping almost because they want you to first Brit food of giving them so that they come and see that you have a lot of food which you can manage to give them to eat for that they can survive the time was almost starting I hope I was flying no because it is Daniela's when it bites you you can't dive but when when you really go soul surely you'll know that sneza near the end a lot but when when you go slowly when getting and interested in something which you are doing so you love it like that for me even if I see somebody beating last night it amazed me instead of beating it does just sit and just back with what world where it lives because I don't like because for me now I know that if I get  it I earn it from I earn something from it instead of it instead of killing it it is better if you tangle that is why I like it because I earn in some money even there are beautiful things we benefited Angeles but some somehow good have been beaten back by snake whole defense net they told him that you are going to die when I was afraid of that but if I didn't sleep the whole night


because somebody was saying it I said no no instead of instead of being there telling that you cannot die by ever put every passion coming to you to sing you our lives coming big is tell me that we are going to die if they are giving me different local medicine you take this take this take this so that God - God helped me I survived but the leg was big it takes like three days starting to come slows the pain come start coming down coming until I was killed because I didn't use any and I did they didn't take me for them maybe for the exit area for their hospital they didn't for us with yeah normally local medicine if you are obedient even gaboon father the medicine abuse em it is a pre just they give you it see roots and you you swallow it dick in some movie it seems unbelievable that somebody could survive the bite of gaboon viper just with usage of traditional medicine despite the size and weight of the snake it is almost invisible in the leaf litter villagers can simply step on it in Uganda gaboon Vipers live also in the secondary forests and plantations so the encounters are more usual than with rhinoceros Viper gaboon Vipers are also more often exported from Africa this snake ambushes its prey it can wait for a long time and in strikes with incredible speed the success of the hunt is ensured by the longest fangs among all venomous snakes they can be five point five centimetres long this individual is ready to be sold to one zoo in Uganda there is one snake species which hunters don't export the rough scaled bush Viper is a relative of the green bush Viper it usually dies within a few months in captivity and breeding is unsuccessful many keepers from around the world would like to buy the snake but the hunters don't want to send rough scale Vipers to their death this species has a very patchy range and lives mainly in the wet localities where it hunts frogs and probably also in vertebrates we still haven't found one of the most common and well known venomous snakes the Mamba just came so it's a big number there is a Jameson's Mamba on the tree at a height of 5 meters it takes us a while until we recognize what the hunters are going to do they want to catch the snake in the treetops we are amazed when we see that the 13 year old hunter son climbs up and then his father follows Mamba is holding firmly and the hunters try some rough techniques to get the animal down finally they managed to catch it with the snake tongs and the hunter gets down with a two meter long Mamba in his hand they have a bigger respect of the Mamba than to the Vipers it is reasonable


because the mambas are fast clever and they don't hesitate to bite when they feel threatened the neurotoxic venom can kill an adult human within hours mambas need it to kill birds quickly so they don't need to fight with the prey too much that the hunters have another Mamba which they caught before we came to visit them both snakes are old and about two meters long both of them are going to shed their skin so that color turned to gray and one of them even has cloudy eyes mambas have some of the skin damage but that will disappear after they shed these members will not be used for export and we are happy to film and photograph them before releasing them back to the forest at least we saw how dangerous the work of snake hunters can be in some situations Jameson's Mamba is one of the three species of Green mambas in Africa they live in the forested areas and spend most of their time in the canopy their eyesight is great and they are one of the fastest snakes in the world we end our expedition with this beautiful snake and now it's time to travel back home there are still iconic venomous snakes in Uganda these reptiles have an important role in the ecosystems and they deserve to be protected some species are not only threatened by destruction of their habitat but by people killing them who fear them the next threat is the big demand of keepers from Europe the USA or Asia the snake bred in captivity are not so plentiful so more and more individuals are being taken from the wilderness we think that the breeding of snakes in Africa can at least help to solve a bit of the problem but the number of exported snakes should be definitely not so high over collecting can lead to a critical decrease in wild populations the future of gaboon Vipers and other beautiful snakes is not only in the hands of African people but also keepers from around the world

PA Venomous Snakes

you have them on to help grow awesome Russia Yeah right just sit away okay good evening folks you are at the venomous snake exhibit and we hope here this evening then we can give you a little information about the venomous snakes in Pennsylvania you'll be a little more knowledgeable a little more tolerant of venomous snakes by the time you're done here this evening I'm Jim chesty I'm with the  natural diversity staff and I've been working with rattlesnakes particularly timber rattlesnakes for over 40 years with me this evenings bill Crist wco from north central Pennsylvania in Cameron County Bill's been up there for 12 years and Cameron County is basically rattlesnake central in Pennsylvania well the whole county has populations of timber rattlesnakes and point well known in the state Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission is responsible for protection of all reptiles and amphibians and of course in that that includes our venomous snakes in the state we have three different species of venomous snakes the timber rattlesnake which comes in white beige dark phase can be any shades of brown in between we'll talk about that a little  bit later the northern copperhead common throughout the southern half of the states and southern half basically interstate 80 South there are places north of interstate 80 but it's very River related or up there primarily warm air corridors going to the north and that's where that this snakes found up there and the third species is the bass of saga rattlesnake which is a small rattle snake that lives in Venango in Butler County

we it's endangered in Pennsylvania we have four populations four Denton populations of those remaining we're in the process of working with them trying to secure the land protect the land that they're on so that we can keep them in Pennsylvania venomous snakes many times are mistaken they're non-venomous snakes or mistaken for most venomous snakes that happen too often with the rattlesnake simply because they they rattle they're quite easy to identify but this guy right here the Copperhead many times milk snakes water snakes hognose snakes young newborn black rat snakes and many of you knows when black rat snakes hatch and likewise with racers in early next one be hatching we're going to start getting  phone calls that I've got a copperhead because they have markings not like these guys but they're they have markings across the back turn on black and the easiest way to identify a venomous snake is by the market learning what the markings are of course rattlesnakes you can identify those very quickly but learning what a copperhead looks like that's the best way to identify other ways you can identify it is with the pupil on a venomous snake it's an elliptical pupil we're on a non venomous snake it's around you but the downside to that is you've got to get real close to look into his eyes and tell whether it's a lip tickle or not the other and there's another way to this just as risky is on the underside of the tail behind the vent sub-model scales between the vent and the tail want a non venomous snake those are split they come in from both sides.

And join in the middle on a venomous snake it's one scale straight across but who's going to be the one to lift up and look at the bottom side of the dam you know so again the easiest way is the pattern or snakes and Pennsylvania in height meaning get places is it possesses a heat detecting pit between the nostril and the eye if you look at these snakes you got to look at them straight on you'll see there's like a hole and it's detecting debt the way I can relate that to you is like if you are around a campfire and you turn and face a campfire and you feel that radiant heat hit your face that's what these things detect a difference of less than one degree maybe out to a foot and the purpose for that is under the cover of darkness these snakes can hunt effectively this time of the year it's 90 degrees in the daytime it's too hot for snakes they are just hold up the statement I've had so many people say oh I bet they're really laying out on the rocks today if they were they'd be dead in ten minutes so they are comfortable with the same temperatures that were comfortable at and so with these kids they're effective now is night feeders now they become very nocturnal and most of their feeding and activity takes place at night which if you're out in rattlesnake comprehend country those of you that live out in the woods and stuff node in the summertime you don't go walking outside without a flashlight you don't get walking outside your bare feet at night you can step on a snake and bill will get into that that's one of the only well that's the way you get bet you literally have to step on them they are going to attack you in that I think what we'll do if they'll talk a little bit about the disposition of the snakes they're a very non aggressive species and you have to do a lot to get them to bite you yep as you've said these guys are laid-back you know I guys just kind of running because mistake hunts you know guys get all the machismo out of handling these snakes actually probably least likely snake to bite you offensively a racer will bite you you know well before you're ready and water snake bite here chase you down to bite you these guys the last thing they want was by Jim said food would fear Oh you ever a story about a racer we have a lot of racers in the southern part of the state and the South Mountain Show State Forest and someone says well how do you catch a racer well you try to catch a race or something like this that's like eating soup with a fork you know look good catch a racer you got a dog on him and take your bite you're going to get bit he's going to bite you every time and how you do now so these guys are real laid-back so they're number one the fence is is not the bike in the woods in the role that you know the big woods up there you know people of course work there no match for us  cognizant you and being a reservoir snake should have no problem navigating around a trail we'll talk about that but bears will take them coyotes taking turkey feed on poxy them I've seen Turkey buzzards take live ones Eagles take them for four pounds of tree meat in the woods so generally they're laying real still they don't want to be seen they see it if they are seen they just want to get away from you I've had people say oh they're cut that came at me and they've come at me too we go into dense sights to bring work for surveys and things like that in station one everywhere a lot of times we're going at either they're not going here to trying to get our sea legs passed you just turn around they need to get cover fast so and they know they cannot run that's one of the ways we can offer we can feel fast around a rattlesnake unless you're playing with it so what happens well as you're walking down the trail and as you guess the state trouble is come around the band you can be the firewood boom right there that closer the brows and they pull it up like that of course that's when you get the big start and you know a lot of reaction is you know that this snakes wouldn't be dead because he was sneaking up on but what he was doing was hoping God you didn't see him he's freezing that's all he can do he can't run away he doesn't want to bite and he can trust you to the ground so he just got to be you know I just hope he walks by then I go back my business and sometimes it works I think a lot of times we walk through the woods we walk by a lot of snakes are tagging guys you know under tracking them zooms time I tracking them I mean they're getting right up on the snakes on a hard time fine and walking by them two three times so they're just laying there freeze that's their number one defense now it comes down to nitty-gritty when it runs I can't get away in a corner they're going to strike  it's their last offense and that's desperate stake now.

They're not going to lunge it so they can't run you down take a strike fast but they're not going to strike real far they can always track about half the body length we're going after pan inside that curve in there an active first curve they can throw their head about a hundred seven miles an hour and they can hit anything they want get that close to this so that's what will find it I investigate all the snake bites in half in my area call up the guy and my statistics match other officers in other areas and other areas in favor of snakebite visited occurs like this years old that's about 15 20 some beers and sees a snake and says hey y'all watch this and he goes right into that snake Porter snake zone and whack he gets hit gets hit right around the head somewhere here it'll get a shot at that and that's pretty much how it goes they will only strike for two reasons food and fear so they know they can't eat you don't make them afraid in a matter of fact when we feed them with their own prey they do not kill the fun they not kill for no reason they're actually pretty clever and they can anticipate they understand things they know it's time to eating is not sometimes are picking they might not like a white might and when I can smell it at the color of it so if you throw a mouse in there if they're not hungry they won't kill it will let the mouse run around they won't bother at all and in fact you're a sneaker you know that within 24 hours you got a check if that Mouse is still running around in there if he's not any receipt.

He's not going to be dead if that Mouse is running around in there you got to get the mouse and out of the cage because the mouse will start eating the snake start chewing on picking off these scales and the snake will tolerate it to the point where there's a point where they'll defend themselves but Phil tolerates a point where bad from snake or it's like their their scales are like our skin it's leathery if they get shipped them scales awaiting succesful infection and mites and all that so it's snake time to save the snake we have a big house out throw it away get rid of it give it to another they will not bother me I had mice jumping up and down on the snake's head broken either very laid back now serve and when they do be found in a degree is an important part of the digestive process and as well as a last resort and offensive process now going to see the movies the guys in Africa you know Indiana Jones you know the snakes he runs into black mambas there are neurotoxins those are the two steps that can kill a human and with that vent and that is not what these guys are neurotoxin is a venom that travels through your bloodstream and attacks your brain or your central nervous system and paralyzes your lungs your diaphragm so they can't breathe anymore basically that's a common way when neurotoxin works these guys are not that these guys for hemotoxin emo from the word the Latin word for blood it's a it's a venom it's a lot like our saliva except it's a little more aggressive an extra protein molecule and what it does is when it get didn't gets injected into a red blood cell carrying creature like us warm-blooded animal they don't have red blood cells they can strike each other and won't hurt when they strike you though the red blood cell here in our microscope here comes the venom it's transfusing through your blood it attaches to a red blood cell it makes it basically sucking a bunch of fluid to a first it makes mush how the red blood cells and so doing that process it's can't travel up your veins because it's dissolving your bait making them go pop so we are so big that that venom can't really get to your internal organs and kill you no you know humans died from a timber rattlesnake bite in Pennsylvania that's one of the reasons why we always get bit ice almost like a giant violin  stick your chest that's a different thing but a regular snake carrying hitting in the hands it's going to do a lot of damage oh it's not saying hey these guys are mellow and you officer said the snake but me but tell me so we're go ahead and grab nearly you know what do that unless you really like paint because now let's think you're jacking acid on your skin mister solving a red blood will be tremendous swelling because all those cells when pop-pop Megan Bush on a rat for a squirrel it's it's devastating because that's ejected in the vital organs it's dissolving the vital organs and it's you know would chew our meat we're mixing slava and dissolving our meat before we get started on preparing it stand over them but they can't chew so it's dissolving the rat and basically make it a fur covered milkshake that they can stretch out down or stomach and dissolve because they can't chop it up and chew it like we can so that's what happening to you at a local level just in your hand muscles or legs not your quite organs so if I was to get bit right now you know I'd run around screaming and Jim with tackle beam so you knucklehead rather say for you slapped me three times so then he pull the ring off my hand you know any constricting clothing any bands jewelry anything like that he'd remove it because he's going to know but my hand area is going to swell off with others red blood cells popping the five times in size pretty fast in black and woogie boo ugly I'm going to be Paul it hurts all that hurts and and he's gonna taking the hospital like a stricken band treatment for shock light not a tourniquet you know we're talking like a little like band here don't cut off circulation and taking the hospital where I'll get treated with an anti-venom and the end of that is more to protect my hand keep swelling and protect the muscles so I can keep I can use my hand in the future or it is necessarily save my life and Jim that is you know we you know we unfortunately I see unfortunately because anytime you handle a snake there's risk involved and we we must handle snakes in our profession we have a lot of research we have under length and in Pennsylvania we are good tagging certain populations of course tube this is what we run the snake up in and then grab grab it and then that way we can work with the snake when the snakes in in the to half the snakes in the tube how we sit safely handle it we inject pit tags this is a pit tag we put it in with a syringe and then it's it's read with a reader it's like a barcode technology we have about 2,000 rattlesnakes in the state right now in the wild that are carrying 50 we track putting transmitters in snakes in Gap areas where we know there's rattlesnakes in this area and what we don't know where their critical habitat is so we will we do the surgeries all over at Neuville the Big Spring facility for several areas within the Commonwealth and we have teams that track those snakes and ultimately the snake will lead it lead us to his den or her den and default some of the safety equipment leggings and so on that we use and unfortunately I said we handle snakes and both of us have been bitten but in it wasn't the snakes in my case it wasn't just thankful I made a mistake I did something I shouldn't move hindsight's 2020 but I got probably the same foot bill but Pennsylvania has done a lot of proactive management with the rattlesnake with the Copperhead and we've come a long way at back thirty years ago the rattlesnake numbers for timber rattlesnake numbers were really depleted in the state due primarily then to over harvest we've now got  that under control and actually the the problem then is now probably our best ally the snake hunters are some of the best conservationists out there we issue about eight hundred permits per year and our harvest is about eighty snakes so you can see the snake hunters are not harvesting the snakes we have the permitting program we've wandered the organized snake hunts we have a lot of environmental review going on up north right now with the Marcellus Shale requiring monitors on pipeline construction well pad construction we have a wind farm going on Willian 88 turbines up in Wyoming County it's north west of Scranton and right now there there's like five monitors on that job they're encountering 50 rattlesnakes a day crossing roads you're just all over the place and they're saving all these snakes from getting whacked run over you know so that that's our position with with the rattlesnake we're very very proactive with it we have other states now calling us up saying how are you doing this because you know and Oklahoma the other year call me up you mean you get these guys to report I mean they just can't imagine you get somebody to report what they because they just won't do it down there but our hunters have to report what they what they saw and that's how we know what the harvest is but they're a very very important creature in the echo ecological balance of the forest and we we are very very serious about protecting them and behind keeping them here in the state one researcher dr. Howard Reiner had said to Pennsylvania as between five and ten percent of the entire breeding population of Tucker rattlesnakes anywhere in the thirty-one states that they're found this is the biggest breeding population in the country we want to keep it that way it wasn't always that way we built it to be that and we wanted to continue and with that I'll end and we have about seven minutes for question and answers or comprehend or was one in the back row on the color phases of rattles timber rattlesnakes come in either we call them black or yellow darker light has nothing to do with sex it's a genetic thing female temperate rattlesnake can have a letter half will be dark half will be light and just the way it works there are certain areas of the state where the dark phase like northern Pennsylvania is more predominant real southern part of the state the Blue Ridge northern into the Blue Ridge Mountain to yellows more predominant but it just maybe it has to do more with the environment than anything those it blends in the best more cryptic are the ones that are living to reproduce that's what that it's not a dominant recessive trait or it's just no I mean there's both color phases found both both areas but it's just unpredictable get out your question to comprehend your rattle things more or less aggressive like to the Capri is high strong yeah I refer to them as being snappy they start off went and maybe you can be from me to you and they're just striking going on as they're retreating to their safety rock it seemed to start over a rattlesnake a lot of times like bill said you'll you'll see it he'll be sound asleep you know that instance where you see a rattlesnake and you jump back DEP through that stage and Oh Mike I've got to kill this thing step back come to your senses one thing you know for sure your hearts might be working really worked try to get over that fear of killing it and appreciate the magnificent creature you're looking at anytime you're looking at a rattlesnake or a copperhead one one thing that we use you can be looking at it if it one time they're sleeping they sleep they don't have eyelids and they sleep with their eyes open but they're sleeping your time is not collecting any time they're awake you'll notice with all these snakes the tongue is constantly going so that that's one thing that snakes sound asleep that's why he didn't rattle he wasn't waiting I got a little bit closer to strike several other stations said we don't keep these these were confiscations or we caught these in the wild we can't make it out of that these your show these are our snakes that were acquired through confiscations timber rattlesnakes do not and copperheads like last two don't reach ant let them go and others there they're imprinted to one death when they were confiscated we don't know even where they came from so for us to take the snake out in rattlesnake country and let it go we're probably dooming that stake studies have been done with rattlesnakes that actually move from one County to another and actually put into an own den that was discovered through radio telemetry the snakes didn't know anything they left trying to find their way and perished they get imprinted to one spot so when we relocate a snake like if you have a property and you capture a snake going across the property and need to move that snake we recommend moving it no more than 100 yards take it back in the woods dump it out let it go it's out of that experience with you the predator it doesn't want to come back and we know they don't come back because we had tagged a lot of snakes particularly over in Machaut State Forest at Caledonia State Parton they had last year three snakes into your part of the campground in one night.

We attack all these snakes take them behind the campground let them go they don't show up there is a season I can't grab neither's second Saturday in June to the end of July July 31st last edition it's a special Farmington kg school over counter gate you have to go to the Fish Commission and there's a tag system like it there and copperheads the copperheads upon the regular one season with tag with a permit these guys have to be tagged and have to be a male about 42 inches there's a system for measuring the subtitle scales underbelly and male has 21 or more and female has less than 21 a guy who's the the snake hunts and the regulated portions of that have a helped promote the snakes and through patrols have any guys out there keeping eyes on the snakes and caring about having a good population but after the old days haven't guys wanting to get a bunch of females to wipe out identities they only reproduce once every five six years sometimes they wouldn't do that ifa guy got into a couple of pregnant females into white bottle whole generation peasant the dander song with a few and or someone hundreds yeah well the males will visit other dense males coming into their maternal depends more female to stay local we found that at through radio telemetry that the male snakes sometimes they'll take you to a good site sometimes where they go it's like I could have picked out a better spot the females the females generally are very gregarious and when they take it to a den site it's a good day thank you very much you're welcome there's handouts up here and welcome to look at the snakes and our equipment and nights again for stopping by hey one

Most Extreme Venom Animal

What is the deadliest animal on earth could it be something that gives lethal injections we're counting down the top 10 most extreme Venom's in the animal kingdom and finding out just what happens when these toxins get under our skin with all stings considered you'll discover that reality bites when Venom's taken to the most extreme.
Earth is a planet of extremes extreme places and extreme animals but some animals are more extreme than others join us as we count down to find the most unusual the most extraordinary the most extreme our countdown begins in warm waters around the world for hiding in the shallows is the animal that's number 10 in our countdown of extreme venom it's the Stingray each year in America alone 150 times more people are injured by encounters with stingrays than with sharks that's because we don't see them buried in the sand.

And if you stand on one that whip-like tail lashes out and buries a venomous spine into your leg it's a nasty surprise for even the biggest hunters in the sea for hungry Orca a stingray is a mouth-watering morsel but the stingrays sting contains not only enzymes that destroy flesh but also serotonin which causes instant excruciating pain it's enough to make even these hungry hunters think twice so why would anyone want to keep stingrays in a touch tank here at the Aquarium of the Pacific in Long Beach California even expert mark Luce is cautious most of the time stingrays are peaceful even playful animals some have called them the Pussycats of the sea but if they get frightened one flick of that muscular tail is enough to drive home their venomous spine and that's the difference between poison and venom

Venom only works if it's injected into the victim so stingrays are only dangerous if that Barb's spine pierces your flesh that's why mark has a simple way of making stingrays harmless what we're doing is we're gonna actually clip the Stinger from the stingray this doesn't actually hurt the animal because the Stinger is actually it's made of a keratin which is kind of like clipping your fingernails so it does actually hurt the animal the reason we're doing it is just to make sure that nobody accidentally gets stung here at the aquarium specific after we clip the stingers the stingers actually can grow back so they do have potential to grow back a stinger with venom what we do is we'll go through every three months and gather up all of the animals to make sure that they don't have their stingers on them anything that has grown back will reclip it this venomous barb can sometimes be driven in so deep that it punctures your heart but back in 1978 it was a very different poison puncture wound that hit the headlines the city of London was home to Bulgarian dissident.

Georgi Markov as an outspoken protester against the communist regime in his homeland he probably felt safe in the streets of England but his personal cold war was about to heat up thanks to events that could have come straight from the pages of a spy novel one day when Markov was waiting at a bus stop he failed to notice the man carrying an umbrella behind him suddenly he felt a stinging pain on the back of his right thigh it's thought that an agent of the Bulgarian state security had stabbed Markov with a most unusual umbrella Markov never knew that his mortal illness was actually caused by the puncture wound it was only after the autopsy that doctors discovered that the umbrella had inserted a tiny poison pellet into Markov's leg the pellet contained ricin a poison 100 times as deadly as cobra venom derived from the beans of the castor oil plants stingray venom may not be as lethal as the poison pellets of the Cold War but you still have to be careful of that sting in their tail treat the animal with respect and this is one venomous creature that won't bite the hand that feeds it when early European explorers traveled to faraway lands they discovered new worlds with strange animals but no animal was as bizarre as the creature that's coming in at number nine in our venemous countdown  his animal lays eggs like a hand and yet it's covered with fur like a cat it's got the tail of a beaver and the webbed feet of a swan add the bill of a duck and you get the furry collection of animal leftovers called the platypus

according to Aboriginal legend the first platypus was born after a young female duck mated with a lonely and persuasive water rat but the resulting creature has one feature that's not found in birds or mammals the male platypus has a sharp spur on his hind leg that injects venom from a gland in his thigh this venom can kill a dog and leave a human in agony but since the venom is only secreted by mature males especially around the breeding season the main target is usually other males looking to fight for a territory but the platypus wasn't the only discovery of the early explorers to be greeted with suspicion when European sailors returned home from South America with a strange plan related to the deadly nightshade family most people assume that it's bright red fruit would be poisonous in America it wasn't until 1830 that a colonel Robert Johnson proved them wrong the story goes that when he announced he'd eat a basket of the deadly fruit a crowd of 2,000 watched him commit public suicide but as the band played a somber tune he didn't die in fact the fruit was delicious and he became rich selling Tomatoes today the average American gets through more than ten kilograms of tomatoes each year but while the image of the tomato has changed the platypus is still one of the world's strangest animals however it could have been made even stranger if that lonely duck of Aboriginal legend had made it with the next contender in the countdown we've seen strange Spurs and sweeping stings but when we milk venom for all it's worth you'll be left gasping for breath as we deliver the kiss of death that's next on the most extreme

you to round up number eight in our countdown of extreme venom mosey on down to see Chris Ryman on his ranch in comfort Texas  but it pays to be careful for his little doggies are real monsters Chris Ryman runs the Gila ranch which is home to about a hundred head of gila he believes that his lizards don't deserve their reputation as monsters when they're encountered they tend to be a little aggressive they open their mouths and displaying yes I think it's just ignorance myself they're a fabulous creature I think I wouldn't call him a monster the Gila gets its bad reputation because its bite really is worse than its Park this monster is number eight in the countdown because it's only one of two venomous lizards in the world it uses a deadly dribble for self-defense if you're bitten by a Gila it clamps on like a vise grip as its razor-sharp teeth slice open your flesh and then modified salivary glands produce venom that dribbles down the teeth and deep into the wound the more they chew.

The more venomous saliva they deliver with terrifying results the first few minutes I felt nausea was a little localized pain from the bite then slowly I had a lymph node that was throbbing a little bit my hands Robin and my lower back started to hurt and I went to my chest and that's when I became worried so I went to the hospital I was vomiting cold sweats and a real erratic heartbeat thanks to quick medical treatment Chris survived this venomous encounter and has no hard feelings the heelas venom was evolved for defensive  mechanisms for the lizard to keep it safe from predators and stuff once the predator gets bit they don't want to get bit again as do I it's ironic then that the unforgettable bite of a Gila monster may one day actually help people remember scientists have analyzed Gila venom and created an experimental drug that works in the human brain it seems there's a chemical in Gila spin that acts on those receptor pathways in the brain that affect memory chemical companies are hoping that their new drug could help reduce the symptoms of memory loss for the 4 million sufferers of Alzheimer's disease in America alone it seems that memories are made up of many things and one of them could soon.

the Gila monster spit we've seen misunderstood monsters and mixed up mammals but the tale of terror continues because it's no walk in the park when number 7 could send you straight to heaven that's next on the most extreme you the deadly bees have buzzed their way into number seven in the countdown because for some people these tiny insects really are the most deadly animal in the world even though each one only carries less than half a milligram of venom when you're stung by a bee venom is pumped through the barbed sting into the skin where the chemical militant gets to work on the nerve endings of pain receptors causing a brief burst of agony but for one person in a thousand bee venom causes an allergic reaction not just in the skin but in other parts of the body including the vital organs if left untreated the patient can die of anaphylactic shock in less than five minutes no wonder most people dealing with bees on a daily basis wear protective clothing but some be people in Waldorf Maryland take their clothes off here people actually want to be stung for the good of their health this is bee venom therapy in action the theory is that in addition to causing pain the bee sting also heals the venom therapy has changed the life of Pat Wagner in 1992 multiple sclerosis had reduced her to what she called a bedridden breathing corpse now more than 45,000 stings later she's able to walk again and is leading a normal life

Researchers believe that the chemical militant is a powerful anti-inflammatory substance thought to be 100 times more potent than hydrocortisone that's why a petheram a is said to wake the body up pat is now known as the bee lady and happily shares her therapy with people from all over the world notice I had no movement I came out a lot better I have seen so many miracles when I sting people just absolutely miracles AVA therapy is phenomenal it may sound too good to be true but the next contender may also save people's lives with the sting in its tail in California's Palm Desert there are two ways to find the next contender in the countdown you can poke around under rocks and hope we get lucky or you can wait til nightfall and go hunting with an ultraviolet lamp nobody's sure why'd the Scorpion glows under ultraviolet light but everybody knows why it's number six in the countdown in 1999 more than 13 thousand Americans were stung by scorpions few were fatal thanks to good medical care but in Mexico scorpions are estimated to kill 1000 people a year so how would you like to be locked in a box with nearly three-and-a-half thousand scorpions meat Kanchana cacao from Thailand she spent a world-record 32 days inside a glass cage with 3,400 venomous scorpions she was stung 9 times but said the venom had little effect on her because she developed immunity during 7 years of performing with the lethal creatures.

But there may be another reason why scorpion attacks are not always fatal recent research suggests that the Scorpion can set its venom on stun or kill instead of wasting venom on self-defense it uses a pre venom that causes extreme pain it's a clever strategy because the deadly true venom is a complex cocktail of proteins that's expensive to make but that complex cocktail may also contain one protein that could be a cure for cancer in America alone more than 24 thousand people each year are diagnosed with gliomas this is a form of brain cancer that's almost always fatal according to University of Alabama researcher Harold song Tyler the average survival is on the order of six to eight months in some cases more rapidly in some cases patients of Y five years but it is a rapidly progressing cancer for which there's currently no effective treatment options available Shawn timers team has manufactured the part of scorpion venom that seeks out brain cancer cells and cripples them without harming normal tissues it just goes to show that one man's poison is another man's cure for cancer we've seen there's a twist to the scorpions deadly two-step but coming up there's something very fishy about the Living Dead get ready for a serving of venom that's not to be sneezed at that's next on the most extreme to find the next contender in our venomous countdown take a trip to an ideal ik tropical island in the Pacific walk next to a coral reef and you could think you're in paradise and then suddenly your next step could be your last these waters are home to the world's most venomous fish the stone fish so in its feeding time at the Aquarium of the Pacific in Long Beach California Christine life keeps well clear of the animal that's lurking at number five in the countdown the reason the stone fish is so dangerous is that it looks like a stone some fish actually use their venom to as a defense mechanism they don't use it as a feeding mechanism they are actually considered ambush predators what they'll do is they'll hide and they will wait for either a fish or a crustacean and then they will just grab them with their mouths so what makes this poisonous pet rock so dangerous to humans they have anywhere from twelve to fourteen dorsal spines and the spines are covered in skin a thick skin layer and when they're just sitting on the bottom their dorsal spines will be lying flat against their body but if they are provoked the dorsal spines will come up and the skin actually will pull away from the dorsal spines and there are venomous glands at the bottom of the dorsal spines so when it penetrates someone's good or a limb the pressure will cause the venom to shoot up through the dorsal spine

Into the person or fish that they're sharing a meal with a fish can be deadly but then for some people that's part of the attraction at manhattan's nippon restaurant they serve not stone fish but pufferfish gormese come to try a dish called fugu a delicacy that if not properly prepared means instant death because it contains a poison that's 275 times deadlier than cyanide it's concentrated in the ovaries and testes and liver of the fish which all have to be carefully removed because the lethal dose would fit on a pinhead the active ingredient is Tetra dachshund a chemical that attacks the nervous system paralyzing the muscles of the body sometimes it can cause a coma almost indistinguishable from death and that's why some researchers believed that tetrodotoxin could also be used to create the Living Dead on the island nation of Haiti tetrodotoxin could play a part in the infamous powers of the voodoo sorcerer here it's believed that people can be brought back from the grave as zombies researchers have suggested this is because sorcerers grind up puffer fish as part of their magic powder so in 1962 when a victim was rushed to the hospital unable to breathe even doctors were fooled and signed the man's death certificate and yet 20 years later the same man can visit the cemetery to find his own grave this is clear vyas Narcisse who believes he emerged from this grave as a zombie slave but step on a stonefish and you're in for an even bigger surprise this ugly monster may pack a powerful punch but it's no match for our next contender a tiny terror with a really mean mouth okay so our next contender couldn't really sink a ship but these tranquil waters are home to a killer with a bite that packs enough venom to kill ten people it's stealthy shy and the size of a golf ball at number four in the countdown of most extreme venom is the blue ringed octopus it's not hard to see how it got its name but those infamous blue rings only really light up as a warning when the animal feels threatened unfortunately some people are attracted to the pretty colors and pick up the cute little octopus big mistake the bite is so small that many victims don't even realize they've been wounded let alone injected with a neurotoxin 10,000 times more deadly than cyanide it's a venom that's really good at paralyzing pesky humans

And potential prey the venom is part of the octopus is spit and is produced by two glands each as big as its brain it hunts either by spinning out a cloud of the toxic saliva or by jumping its prey and biting through a chink in the crabs armored shell but strangely enough the octopus doesn't make its own venom dense colonies of bacteria actually produce the deadly neurotoxins they live safely tucked away in the octopuses salivary glands but then harmful bacteria can live in all kinds of places including our kitchens that's because some kitchens can be breeding grounds of the bad bugs that cause food poisoning this year there's a 1 in 4 chance that you'll become sick thanks to bacteria like Salmonella or Listeria and food poisoning is likely to kill 9 thousand Americans this year that's why you don't want to cook with poor personal hygiene or a dirty kitchen since food poisoning bacteria are often present on raw foods of all kinds the last thing you want is to have the bacteria being transferred onto the cooked food on your plate bacteria can be bad news especially in your own home experts say that 80% of food poisoning happens at home largely because people don't wash their hands before cooking or clean kitchen surfaces after cutting raw food in fact your kitchen cutting board could contain more germs than your toilet seat but the blue-ringed octopus has no problem with food poisoning bacteria after all it poisons its food deliberately thanks to the toxic bacteria in its spit we've seen a deadly blue ring a stone that can spring and a glow bug with a sting but coming up we'll discover a killer who's really come out of his shell that's next on the most extreme

you the slowest assassin in the world lives inside this shell it may look harmless but the cone snail can kill as quick as lightning the trouble is when it moves at top speed the only thing it could hope to catch would be a rock that's why it's had to develop a more subtle hunting technique it's armed with a hypodermic needle full of venom it only gets one chance to instantly paralyze its prey the venom has to kill fast the cone snail just moves too slowly to get another chance to attack and swallow its prey and the venom works just as well on humans at least thirty people have been killed by the so called cigarette snails that's because when you were stung you had enough time to smoke a cigarette before you drop dead so what's in cone snail venom that makes it so deadly University of Utah biologist Baldomero oliveira tried to find out what we discovered was something that that was far more complex that that when they inject their Venom's are they're not just injecting a few toxins that can kill people they're injecting what turns out to be a very complicated cocktail off essentially perhaps fifty or a hundred different components and each of these components is like a drug cone snail Venom's potently changed the way the nervous system acts so components of these Venom's are among the most effective pain killers and drugs against epilepsy and even against mental illness we've ever seen clinical trials have found a cone snail painkiller is perhaps a thousand times more effective than morphine without the nasty side effects.

Modern-day drug companies are real excited about combining drugs and specifically targeting drugs but that's something that the cone snails really evolved millions of years ago since their 500 species and 100 components per species they're in principle about 50,000 different venom components in in the living cone snails and we've only looked at a fraction of those and so the possibilities are really much greater once once more basic science is done on the different components of the cone snails animals while the cone snail may one day provide a cure for human pain this slow-motion assassin will always give fish a real headache see snake venom is one of the most potent in the world a single drop is reputed to be able to kill three men that's why researchers like dr. Brian fry of the Australian venom Research Unit find them so irresistible the venom of every snake species has its own chemical formula the more you know about the formula the better the antidote you can make the tricky part is getting the venom out of the snake no wonder his first aid kit is a constant companion milking the snake to extract its venom is the first part of the process in creating anti-venom the aim is to use small doses of venom to get the immune system to produce antibodies these are molecules that can knock the venom off the victims nerve cells  and hopefully save the day but you have to get the anti-venom to the patient fast and that's where these guys come in Miami Florida is home to the world's only emergency anti-venom response unit captain al Cruz and Ernie Jillson are the men of venom one venom one a Dade County so it's responding to Homestead Hospital referenced over bike run by the miami-dade Fire Department venom one provides a lifeline for snakebite victims established in 1998 they now have the most extensive anti-venom collection in the US covering 95% of the world's venomous snakes as captain al Cruz explains people begin I want to own venomous snakes the key is you need to understand that snake's behavior because it's not a matter of if you're gonna get bit it's a matter of when we have an assortment of anti-venom that we call the lifeline for people not only locally here but also nationally sometimes you might only need one vial of antivenom yet king cobra you may need 40 vials.

What makes the venom one unique I'm the reason it works so well is that you call one number and we respond plus we handle over 500 bytes without a single fatality in the last four years the snake may have a truly venomous reputation but if Adam and Eve had met our final contender they'd never have gotten out of Eden alive we've seen the nine contenders they're the best of the best only one animal is a more extreme venom making machine it's number one and it's coming up next on the most extreme I didn't know them they could put Beauty and poison so cleverly together in one package it's no laughing matter when a venomous animal clears some of the best beaches in Australia for seven of the hottest months of every year an invisible killer makes the sea a deadly playground the only safe place to swim is within the shelter of a fine mesh net venture outside the net and you're playing Russian roulette with the animal with the most extreme venom in the countdown meet the box jellyfish there are good reasons why this deadly jelly is number one in the countdown according to marine ecologist Jamie Seymour these animals are the most venomous animals in world there is absolutely no doubt about that at all and there have been recorded incidences where people have had 6 or 7 feet with a tentacle on their body and it's killed them now if you do the sums full-grown animal has 15 tentacles on each corner total of 60 tentacles and each one of those tentacles is probably 7 8 feet long one animal has the potential to kill City and it can do it any minute when an unsuspecting victim blunders into the almost invisible jellyfish the agony is instant people say it's like being branded with red-hot irons and that's just what the scars look like the jellyfish is number one in the countdown because those trailing tentacles are covered in 4000 million stinging cells at the slightest touch the cells blast a microscopic harpoon through your skin to inject it's incredibly powerful neurotoxin but the jellyfish doesn't hunt humans it has smaller fish to fry its venom is so extreme because it has to paralyze fish fast before their struggles snap the tentacles paralyzing neurotoxins may be bad news for fish but it's booming business for dr. David Ann Ron at Spalding cosmetic surgery and dermatology in Beverly Hills so very much forehead crown and then right on the side of my eyes I've got a lot of this squinting okay great so let's take a look good raise your eyebrows yeah and brown and nice big smile yeah yeah I do a grantee Botox would it would be great for you.

Botox is actually a purified form of the bacterial neurotoxin responsible for the most deadly food poisoning in the world just like the venom of a jellyfish Botox paralyzes the muscles that cause wrinkles by preventing the nerves from firing eventually the nerve endings regenerate so further injections are required to keep the wrinkles at bay with more than 1.6 million procedures carried out every year Botox is the fastest growing cosmetic procedure in America today see your friends who had this done I think personally everyone spoke twice Botox is correct back in Australia no one thinks box jellyfish are great especially macho male Aussie lifeguards anybody who enters the water here needs something to protect themselves from the jellyfish's deadly tentacles it has to be lightweight yet thick enough to prevent the millions of stinging cells from penetrating the skin the solution is pantyhose only the number one animal in the countdown could turn a macho oz email into a crossdresser that's why when it comes to venom the box jellyfish really is the most extreme

Deadly poisonous snakes in Thailand

Deadly poisonous snakes in Thailand should avoid and how to first aid
Snakes in India can be divided into small groups of 2 types of snakes are venomous and non-venomous snakes. The snakes are venomous, there are a few species. While the snake is not poisonous, it can be found more than a number. And there are many, many species (In Thailand, about 300 snake species are venomous snakes 90%) of

the Viper Thailand has many types.

Thailand is in the tropical lowland forests and mountains, an abundance of snakes. Most snakes are not poisonous Vipers have medical importance because someone is bitten, they often are 7 types include

: 1. Cobra snake is medium length of 1-2 meters of water less toxic but very toxic. By poisoning the nervous system. The bites are drowsiness and sleep if I want to sleep I would not wake up. The cobra bite was not received first aid and were not vaccinated quickly. Usually all deaths Cobra snakes are common throughout the country.

2. Cobra King Cobra snake is poisonous large body length of 3-5 meters of toxic water and very toxic. Can bite people and animals of all kinds to die in a few minutes. Cobra can be found in every region of Thailand. And a snake of snakes eat a meal together,

3. Rattlesnake Rattlesnake is a venomous snake found in all regions of Thailand. Especially in the South The body fat short Neck, small head but When fully grown 1m only eat small animals as mice and frogs for food writers as a snake, the most venomous snake of Thailand. The swelling was bitten all over. Bleeding Green area of the bite will swell and rot. And finally died

4. Viper Viper (Green pit viper) Copperhead is not severe. Limited and not die And there are many common species in Thailand. The body is plump short The body is yellowish green skin. Tail red to dark brown (As they are called) is a slow-moving snake. A fierce bite, snatch faster. Its bite is very painful wound. Swelling is 2-5 days and then collapsed, and the wound is healed

5. fiery serpents as Copperhead. Body style fort body fat, short (length when fully grown will only 1-1.5 meters) is in awake when it is pumped air into the inflatable body. Do the vocals sound like a cat and threatened all the time. Can snatch a bite very quickly The bite will have blood clotting and bleeding. Symptoms of acute renal failure and death fiery serpents can be found in Asia.

6. krait krait or yellow viper. Poisonous snakes commonly found in South Asia. The body length of 1-2 meters in the trunk looks like a flat stomach and his back. Urbanized triangle (Which is the origin of the name) is more common in southern Thailand. (The others were not so much), eat small animals, birds, rats, frogs for food

7. Krait. Krait snake is poisonous. Venom attacks the nervous system and blood when a fierce bite symptoms are abdominal pain, convulsions, bleeding spots under the skin and bleeding gums. Including hemoptysis

Once bitten To know the snake is poisonous or not. Notice that Mark Green If the snake is not poisonous Teeth marks on the skin in a row. If a poisonous snake Mark Green are two points clear of trauma or hemorrhage. And around Roy Green swarthy Or inflatable bags The snake's venom affects the body is divided into two categories as follows.

1. neurotoxicity (Neurotoxin) include Cobra, Krait Cobra and Krait onset of arm weakness, slurred speech, restlessness, tongue, eyes, foaming at the mouth, contracting the muscles of swallowing, paralysis, respiratory arrest and death in the

second. toxic to blood clotting. (Hematotoxin) including Viper and fiery flying serpent Rattlesnake symptoms of pain a lot. Hemorrhage from ulcers Bleeding from the gums, nosebleeds, coughing organs such as blood, vomit, urine and feces of

3. muscle toxicity (Mytotoxin), which is often missing in the floods. Since it is a sea serpent But whether it was poisonous snake bite first thing is kind of calm, do not panic trying to make body movements to a minimum because it will result in the heart beating faster than normal. Stone snake venom pumped to sail to the heart faster. The symptoms of snake venom begins to spread from 15-30 minutes.
Or up to 9 hours for the symptoms to be monitored continuously. Then the

To prevent being bitten.

The country has abundant snake We should learn some habits of snakes to avoid the dangers that may arise. How to avoid include:

Poisonous snakes are hunting them for food. And that more people are afraid of snakes again. If accidentally tread Or close to it It will turn itself off.
Try not to travel in the overgrown with tall grass if need be passed into the Boot. Wear long pants and should have hit the grass in front of them.
Avoid traveling at night in the woods or fields. If you need to be prepared with flashlights.
Snakes are often hidden by a narrow niche. In caves or hollow tree We should beware of these areas in particular.
Do not walk on the narrow rocky gorges The snake does not escape
If you camp in the woods, do not sleep on the floor.
Do not lift the rock pile of old clothes or a haystack because the snakes like
first aid.
Wash the wound with soap and water Do not use alcohol or any herbal toothpaste ashes wound.
Squeeze blood from a wound to the greatest extent possible. Do not use mouth suction mouth or open wounds with a sharp
constriction band should be about 3 inches above and below the wound should not tie the hands over the wound so tight. It will end organ ischemia and necrosis. Should loosen tight enough to put a finger on one finger intended to provide organ is stationary. Do not be toxic to the heart, as most people understand correctly.
Use a clean cloth to stop the bleeding with direct pressure ulcers. If you use alcohol or beta Dean wound up, it would be good to destroy germs.
Try moving the body to a minimum If movement Will enter the snake's venom.